Calcium sulfate dihydrate (raw gypsum) was mainly used in edible fungi culture medium, and the molecular formulas were CaSO4 2H_2O and CaSO4 2H_2O, respectively. Gypsum contains 20-28% calcium and 16-22% sulphur. It can not only provide calcium, but also is a good source of sulphur. It has high biological application rate. It is an economic edible fungus additive. Because it plays a key role in the growth of edible fungi, it is less replaced by other supplements and plays a great role in edible fungus cultivation.

　　生石膏在食用菌培育基中的应用属于辅助原料，辅助原料是用于增加营养，改善化学、物理状态的一类物质，用量较小。生石膏在食用菌培育基中的添加量在1-3%之间。

　　The application of raw gypsum in edible fungi culture medium belongs to auxiliary material, which is a kind of substance used to increase nutrition and improve chemical and physical state with small dosage. The addition of gypsum in edible fungi culture medium ranged from 1% to 3%.

　　食用菌培育基中添加生石膏在增加营养方面的作用：

　　Adding raw gypsum to edible fungi culture medium can increase nutrition.

　　（1）直接补充培育基中硫、钙的缺乏；

　　(1) Direct supplementation of sulphur and calcium deficiency in culture medium;

　　（2）使气态氮固定成化合态氮，利于游离在堆料中氨气的稳定，减少培育基中氮素损失；

　　(2) Fixing gaseous nitrogen into combined nitrogen is beneficial to the stabilization of free ammonia in the stockpile and reducing the loss of nitrogen in the culture medium.

　　（3）能加速培育基中机质的合成，促进料中可溶性磷、钾的释放，供应菌丝吸收应用；

　　(3) It can accelerate the synthesis of organic matter in the culture medium, promote the release of soluble phosphorus and potassium in the feed, and supply the mycelium for absorption and application.

　　（4）钙离子能使堆肥中的胶体膜消逝，有利于蘑菇菌丝吸收营养；

　　(4) Calcium ion can make the colloidal membrane disappear in compost, which is beneficial for mushroom mycelium to absorb nutrients.

　　（5）生石膏能中和蘑菇菌丝在生长过程中产生的草酸，并在蘑菇菌丝外表构成有草酸钙的细胞膜，有防御外敌、维护菌丝的作用；

　　(5) Gypsum can neutralize the oxalic acid produced by mushroom hyphae in the growth process, and form a cell membrane with calcium oxalate on the surface of mushroom hyphae, which has the function of defending foreign enemies and maintaining mycelia.

　　（6）使基料在发酵后纤维素降解率进步，可溶性糖增加。

　　(6) The degradation rate of cellulose and soluble sugar increased after fermentation.

　　食用菌培育基中添加生石膏在改善化学和物理状态中的主要作用：

　　Adding raw gypsum to edible fungi culture medium plays an important role in improving the chemical and physical state of edible fungi.

　　（1）进步培育基的缓冲才能，抑止由氨气所惹起的，以至在播种后也会发作的PH值过高的反作用；

　　(1) The buffer ability of the progressive cultivation medium can restrain the reaction caused by ammonia, even if the PH value is too high after sowing.

　　（2）避免培育基变酸和厌氧发酵，防止培育基酸碱度呈现大的变化；

　　(2) Avoiding basic acidification and anaerobic fermentation, and preventing great changes in basic acidity and alkalinity of cultivation;

　　（3加强培育基对某些细菌细胞间质的凝聚作用，这样能够减少在堆制过程中由于细菌的活动，而产生一些毁坏培育构造；

　　(3) Strengthen the coagulation effect of culture medium on the interstitium of some bacteria, which can reduce the damage of culture structure caused by bacterial activity in the composting process.

　　（4）有助于培育基降低在覆土时对添加的一些营养性补充物的敏理性而增加产量 ；

　　(4) It is helpful to reduce the sensitivity of the culture medium to some nutrient supplements and increase the yield.

　　（5）生石膏提供的钙素与其他重金属离子不同，它无毒性且能使秸秆外表的胶体粒子凝集成大的粒子而沉淀下来，产生凝析现象，构成通气性好的物理构造，使培育基变得疏松，改善蓄水性和通气性，促进了有益微生物的活动 ；

　　(5) Calcium provided by raw gypsum is different from other heavy metal ions. It is non-toxic and can make colloidal particles on the straw surface coagulate into large particles and precipitate, resulting in condensation, forming a physical structure with good ventilation, making the culture medium loose, improving water storage and ventilation, and promoting the activities of beneficial microorganisms.

　　（6）生石膏还有很强的吸水性，能进步堆肥的持水才能 。

　　(6) The raw gypsum also has strong water absorption, which can improve the water holding capacity of compost.

　　应用范围

　　Application scope

　　二水硫酸钙（生石膏）是培育基的成分，普遍应用于平菇、香菇、黑木耳、银耳、金针菇、猴头菇、灵芝、双孢菇、鸡腿菇、白灵菇、杏鲍菇等的栽培料中。

　　Calcium sulfate dihydrate (raw gypsum) is a component of culture medium. It is widely used in the cultivation materials of Pleurotus ostreatus, Lentinus edodes, Auricularia auricula, Tremella fuciformis, Flammulina velutipes, Hericium erinaceus, Ganoderma lucidum, Agaricus bisporus, Coprinus comatus, Lentinus alba, Pleurotus eryngii and so on.