1: Plastering mortar refers to the mortar applied on the surface of base materials, which can protect the base and increase the beauty. Compared with masonry mortar, plastering mortar has the following characteristics:

①抹面层不承受荷载；

① The plastering layer shall not bear load;

②抹面层与基底层要有足够的粘结强度，使其在施工中或长期自重和环境作用下不脱落、不开裂；

② The plastering layer and the base layer shall have sufficient bonding strength to prevent them from falling off and cracking during construction or under long-term self weight and environmental effects;

③抹面层多为薄层，并分层涂抹，面层要求平整、光洁、细致、美观；

③ The plastering layer is mostly a thin layer, and is applied layer by layer. The surface layer is required to be smooth, smooth, meticulous and beautiful;

④多用于干燥环境，大面积*露在空气中。

④ It is mainly used in dry environment and exposed to the air in large area.

(2) 抹面砂浆的分类、性能及应用

(2) Classification, performance and application of plastering mortar

根据其功能不同，抹面砂浆一般可分为普通抹面砂浆和特殊用途砂浆（具有防水、耐*、绝热、吸声及装饰等用途的砂浆）。

According to their different functions, plastering mortar can be generally divided into ordinary plastering mortar and special mortar (mortar with waterproof, anti *, heat insulation, sound absorption and decoration).

2：抗裂砂浆 （anti-crack mortar），以由聚合物乳液和外加剂制成的抗裂剂、水泥和砂按一定比例制成的能满足一定变形而保持不开裂的砂浆。其中的防裂剂主料就是一种叫硅灰的，它能够填充水泥颗粒间的孔隙，同时与水化产物生成凝胶体，与碱性材料氧化镁反应生成凝胶体。

2: anti crack mortar (anti-crack mortar), made of polymer emulsion and admixture of anti cracking agent, cement and sand in a certain proportion can meet certain deformation to maintain non cracking mortar. The main ingredient of the anti cracking agent is silica fume, which can fill the pores between cement particles and form gel with the hydration products and react with Magnesium Oxide, the basic material, to form a gel.

常用的普通抹面砂浆有水泥砂浆、石灰砂浆、水泥石灰混合砂浆、麻*石灰砂浆（简称麻*灰）、纸筋石灰砂浆（纸筋灰）等。

Common plastering mortar includes cement mortar, lime mortar, cement lime mixed mortar, hemp lime mortar (referred to as hemp * ash), paper reinforced lime mortar (paper reinforced mortar), etc.

抹面砂浆应用与基面牢固地粘合，因此要求砂浆应有良好的和易性及较高的粘结力。抹面砂浆常分两层或三层进行施工。底层砂浆的作用是使砂浆与基层能牢固地粘结，应有良好的保水性。中层主要是为了找平，有时可省去不做。面层主要为了获得平整、光洁地表面效果。

The plastering mortar should be firmly bonded with the base surface, so the mortar should have good workability and high cohesive force. Plastering mortar is usually divided into two or three layers for construction. The function of the bottom mortar is to make the mortar and the base course firmly bond and have good water retention. The middle level is mainly for leveling, sometimes it can be omitted. The main purpose of surface layer is to obtain smooth and smooth surface effect.

各层抹会面的作用和要求不同，每层所选用的砂浆也不一样。同时，基底材料的特性和工程部位不同，对砂浆技术性能要求不同，这也是选择砂浆种类的主要依据。水泥砂浆宜用于潮湿或强度要求较高的部位；混合砂浆多用于室内底层或中层或面层抹灰；石灰砂浆、麻*灰、纸筋灰多用于室内中层或面层抹灰。对混凝土基面多用水泥石灰混合砂浆。对于木板条基底及面层，多用纤维材料增加其抗拉强度，以防止开裂。

The functions and requirements of each layer are different, and the mortar used in each layer is also different. At the same time, the characteristics of base materials and engineering parts are different, and the technical performance requirements of mortar are different, which is also the main basis for the selection of mortar types. Cement mortar is suitable for wet or high strength parts; mixed mortar is mostly used for indoor bottom or middle layer or surface plastering; lime mortar, hemp ash and paper mortar are mostly used for indoor middle or surface plastering. Cement lime mixed mortar is often used for concrete base surface. For the base and surface layer of wood strips, fiber materials are often used to increase their tensile strength to prevent cracking.